General Unity 2D Character/Environment Control Questions

After pretty much learning most of what there is to know about Unity, I'm now having trouble scripting for the game.

As of now, I want to make a 2D game, but I have no idea how to make the character move right, left, jump, crouch, slide, climb, fly, kick, punch, etc. I also have no idea how to make things speed up or slow down.

Additionally, how would I do stuff like make doors open when I come close to them and does Unity allow for breakable 2D environments?

I'm assuming there's some sort of way to bind animations to a certain key, but I'm really unsure how controlling the character or environment goes.

These are all pretty much the pressing questions I have. I guess you could say I'm having trouble getting this to do what I want them to do and I just need someone or people to point me in the right direction.