Raycast bullet spread C#

Question

Can someone help me get a bullet spread going? I am currently using the script that Brackeys made for my gun and added some stuff to it: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; using UnityEngine.UI;

 public class Gun : MonoBehaviour {
 
     public float damage = 8f;
     public float range = 100f;
     public float fireRate = 10f;
     public float impactForce = 30f;
 
     public int maxAmmo = 20;
     public int fullAmmo = 160;
     private int remainingAmmo;
     private int currentAmmo;
     public float reloadTime = 1.5f;
     private bool isReloading = false;
     private bool didFunction = false;
     private bool lastClip = false;
 
     public Camera fpsCam;
     public ParticleSystem muzzleFlash;
     public AudioSource gunShot;
     public AudioSource noAmmo;
     public AudioSource pullOutRifle;
     public GameObject impactEffect;
 
     private float nextTimeToFire = 0f;
 
     public Animator animator;
     public GameObject ammoUI;
 
     void Start ()
     {
         currentAmmo = maxAmmo;
     }
 
     void OnEnable ()
     {
         isReloading = false;
         animator.SetBool("Reloading", false);
         StartCoroutine(ChangeToWeapon());
     }
 
     void Update() {
 
         ammoUI.GetComponent<Text>().text = currentAmmo.ToString() + "/" + fullAmmo.ToString();
 
         remainingAmmo = 20 - currentAmmo;
 
         if(pullOutRifle.isPlaying)
         {
             return;
         }
 
         if(currentAmmo == 0 && fullAmmo == 0 && Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
         {
             noAmmo.Play();
         }
 
         if (currentAmmo <= 0 && lastClip == true)
         {
             currentAmmo = 0;
             fullAmmo = 0;
             return;
         }
 
         if(fullAmmo <= 20 && didFunction == true)
         {
             currentAmmo = fullAmmo;
             didFunction = false;
             lastClip = true;
         }
 
         if(currentAmmo == fullAmmo)
         {
             fullAmmo = 0;
         }
 
         if (isReloading)
             return;
 
         if(currentAmmo <= 0 || Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R) && currentAmmo != 20)
         {
             StartCoroutine(Reload());
             return;
         }
 
         if(Input.GetButton("Fire1") && Time.time >= nextTimeToFire)
         {
             nextTimeToFire = Time.time + 1f / fireRate;
             Shoot();
         }
         
     }
 
     IEnumerator Reload ()
     {
         isReloading = true;
 
         animator.SetBool("Reloading", true);
 
         yield return new WaitForSeconds(reloadTime - .25f);
         animator.SetBool("Reloading", false);
         yield return new WaitForSeconds(.25f);
 
         currentAmmo = maxAmmo;
         fullAmmo -= remainingAmmo;
         isReloading = false;
         didFunction = true;
     }
 
     IEnumerator ChangeToWeapon()
     {
         animator.SetBool("PullOutWeapon", true);
 
         yield return new WaitForSeconds(1.041f);
 
         animator.SetBool("PullOutWeapon", false);
     }
 
     void Shoot ()
     {
         muzzleFlash.Play();
         gunShot.Play();
 
         currentAmmo--;
 
         RaycastHit hit;
         if(Physics.Raycast(fpsCam.transform.position, fpsCam.transform.forward, out hit, range))
         {
 
             Target target = hit.transform.GetComponent<Target>();
             if(target != null)
             {
                 target.TakeDamage(damage);
             }
 
             if(hit.rigidbody != null)
             {
                 hit.rigidbody.AddForce(-hit.normal * impactForce);
             }
 
             GameObject impactGO = Instantiate(impactEffect, hit.point, Quaternion.LookRotation(hit.normal));
             Destroy(impactGO, 2f);
         }
     }
 }

There are no actual bullets, can someone help me just get like a Raycast randomizer going? Thank you.

Answer 1

Best Answer

Answer by Eno-Khaon · Sep 17, 2018 at 03:22 AM

Well, there are a variety of potential options to approach this, so here's a few of 'em:

1 - Calculate an angle and a deviation

For each "bullet" fired, you're currently using fpsCam.transform.forward to dictate the direction the bullet should be fired in the Raycast. So, if you randomize a value up to a maximum deviation angle, then randomize the rotation around a circle, you can get a usable value out of it.

 Vector3 forwardVector = Vector3.forward;
 float deviation = Random.Range(0f, maxDeviation);
 float angle = Random.Range(0f, 360f);
 forwardVector = Quaternion.AngleAxis(deviation, Vector3.up) * forwardVector;
 forwardVector = Quaternion.AngleAxis(angle, Vector3.forward) * forwardVector;
 forwardVector = fpsCam.transform.rotation * forwardVector;

The value of forwardVector at that point will then be rotated and moved away randomly up to a fixed angle.

2 - Calculate deviation at a fixed distance
Using the weapon's range (other otherwise-defined value), you can decide what maximum distance of deviation you want. For example, a gun could be defined has having a 1-meter deviation at a range of 100 meters.

 Vector3 deviation3D = Random.insideUnitCircle * maxDeviation;
 Quaternion rot = Quaternion.LookRotation(Vector3.forward * range + deviation3D);
 Vector3 forwardVector = fpsCam.transform.rotation * rot * Vector3.forward;

Mainly, what really matters is what type of implementation you're looking to use. These two options result in very different schemes for deciding a gun's accuracy.

^{Edit: Updated Example 2 based on my comment below}

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BankShotZombies · Sep 19, 2018 at 03:25 AM 0

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Thank you for the help. Sadly, I couldn't figure out how to do it (sorry I'm new to unity.) Do you $$anonymous$$d writing some code for me or telling me where I should put each line of code? I can't figure out where I put those lines of code you gave me. Thank you so much.

Eno-Khaon BankShotZombies · Sep 19, 2018 at 04:34 AM 2

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Everyone's new at some point. Don't sweat it.

Either of those would come just before this line of yours:

 if(Physics.Raycast(fpsCam.transform.position, fpsCam.transform.forward, out hit, range))

Rather than using fpsCam.transform.forward then, you'd replace it with forwardVector from my examples.

Edit: Aside from that, you'd also need to define a "maxDeviation" float variable to indicate maximum degrees variation (example 1), or distance deviation (example 2)

BankShotZombies Eno-Khaon · Sep 19, 2018 at 08:25 PM 0

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Awesome! This worked perfectly! If you don't $$anonymous$$d, could you tell me what each line of code you posted for the first example does? Thank you so much!

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Raycast bullet spread C#

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