How to make my Player take damage from prefab?

There are many many syntax errors in your script. Read your script like the computer would

line 10 :

 if(hit.gameObject.name == "Enemy");

your semicolon closes the if statement, so nothing happens after that, and lines 11-15 would be considered an error. No semicolon after the conditional of an if statement.

line 12 :

 HitDamage == true;

== is used to check if something is equal to, to make something equal something else, just use one equals sign.

line 17 :

 healthtext.text = "Health " + curHealth + " / " + maxHealth;

UI don't use Unity GUI so am not sure if you can pass an int to a string this way, I assume not. TO convert something to a string, use .ToString()

Curly Braces :

Your ControllerCollider function doesn't have the closing curly braces until after your Update function. Make sure each function is enclosed between {}

Declaring variables :

 var curHealth = 100;

this is a personal thing as unity can fix this for you when compiling, but you should really typecast all your variables. That also proves you know what a variable is and how it can be interacted with. use

 var curHealth : float = 100; or var curHealth : int = 100;

---

So I have editedyour script with these considerations. Please take the time to read it and yours, discover the differences and learn from it.

 var curHealth : int = 100;
 var maxHealth : int = 100;
 var healthtext : GUIText;
 var HitDamage : boolean;
 var deathbomb : GameObject;
 
 
 function OnControllerColliderHit( hit: ControllerColliderHit )
 {
     Debug.Log( "Controller hit : " + hit.gameObject.name ); // what did the controller collide with?
     
     if ( hit.gameObject.name == "Enemy" ) // if is equal to
     {
         HitDamage = true; // equals
         curHealth -= 10;
     }
 }
     
 function Update()
 {
     healthtext.text = "Health " + curHealth.ToString() + " / " + maxHealth.ToString(); // ToString()
     
     if ( curHealth <= 0 )
     {
         Destroy( gameObject );
     }
 }

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