Victims of a crime

postitas: fawin321 - 08.01.2021, 2021-01-08 08:41, loetud: 2x

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In recent decades, the population of most developed countries of the world has to put the issue of the increase of crime in second or third place among the other socio-economic problems. A growing number of people conclude that the efforts of state law enforcement agencies are not sufficient to resolve this problem, so each needs to take care of himself/herself and personal security. World practice shows that non-state power structures and not the police, which is aimed at fighting the crime, typically protect non-governmental organizations and businesses. A characteristic feature of recent times is extraordinary diversity of all types of theft. Today, people of different ages and professions are becoming victims of crime. There appeared victimology - the science of how to avoid becoming a victim of a crime, and how not to look or act like a victim. Studies conducted convincingly show that, without considering the role of the victim in the situation of the offense it is impossible to understand the causes and conditions that contributed to its commission. Offender and the victim are the main parts of such situation that form a single system, which can only exist if all of these components are present. Thus, a significant transformation of views on the analysis of the causes of crime has taken place. It has been clearly shown that the commission of a crime is a dynamic process, which can be a very intensive interaction of the criminal and its victim, and the role of the victim in the ‘crime drama’ can be quite substantial.

The first book gives broad information about victimology as a new science and provides many useful topics linked with the rediscovery of crime victims, different sources of information about victims of crime and others. For our research, we are to analyze the chapter about victim’s contributions to the problem of crime and different types of victims such as children, victims of sexual assaults, repaying victims as well as additional victim groups. The author underlines, that in the 21st century there are many classifications of victims and we will use this in our study.

It must be underlined that people become victims in a variety of ways, sometimes quite unexpected, and this aspect should not be ignored. The research question to be investigated is as follows: what types of danger can each person face, and who is likely to become a victim of a crime? As the task of our research is to define what makes a person or a group of people more likely to become a victim of a crime, we suggest the following hypothesis – “People with some physiological problems more often become victims that is also the main reason of their casualty.”

In order to reveal the topic we are to analyze different types of victims. In a broad sense, the victim is the individual who suffers emotional, physical or financial harm as a result of commission of a certain crime. The victims are divided into direct and the so-called "rebound" victims: the families, relatives and friends of these victims as well as witnesses of terrible events. Thus, the first type of candidates to become a victim are ‘passive’ victims. These people are ready to give up, they feel guilty beforehand; take the brunt of the situation for themselves. As a rule, these are the children of overly harsh and imperious parents who are accustomed to obey ‘a superior force of the enemy’ and do everything the way it is prescribed from their childhood.

The next type of victims – are the so-called ‘wise fish’ people. They torture themselves with all sorts of potential adversity; they are extremely receptive to all that stream of negativity that flows to them from TV screens and newspaper pages. As a result, such people exhaust themselves to such an extent that either get a neurosis, or join the ranks of the victims in life - those whose consciousness is overwhelmed with of all types of negative scenarios to such an extent that they have become a vital program.

There is another type of humans, who replenish the ranks of victims - people in non-critical life circumstances. They are not able to adequately and realistically assess the risk due to the age (children) or personal characteristics (‘eternal’ children).

The next type of victims presents people vulnerable to criminals because of not because of their weakness, but because of their activity and initiativeness. Active victims are reckless instigators. They often behave in such a way due to the nature of their profession (guards, cashiers, etc.); most of the initiative comes from them.

The last type is presented by the victims of aggression; those who are the first to go on the offensive and are an active party to the conflict.

The research is to be written based on qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the first part of our paper, we will overview accessible information from different sources. It means that in order to get enough information we use the most common research methods, such as literature searches, talking with people (we meet with scientists in criminology, philology, sociology and try to find interdependence of each pieces of knowledge we get), focus groups - our group of interested in this issue students will meet and discuss the urgent questions concerning the reasons of crime, ways not to become a victim, share opinions on what could or should be done to address the problem. Moreover, literature review using different sources such as books, reviews, internet sites and articles, documents, interviews on this subject will help to analyze the data and information.